How to Prepare for a CT Scan

ct scanA CT scan is a medical imaging tool widely used by medical professionals to gain better insight into afflicted areas of the body.  In this article, we’ll explain what a CT scan is, how it works, and how to best prepare for one.

For more information, read our blog on when CT scans, MRIs, and x-rays are useful in treating pain.

What is a CT Scan?

Computerized Tomography (CT) scans are a series of x-ray views taken of a body part at different angles. Computer processing of the views is used to create a cross-sectional picture of the scanned body part.  A number of “slices” (x-ray images) are taken, and the computer combines the images to create a 3-dimensional view of the region examined.  When the test was first introduced, the brain was the most common area examined by CT scan. Now, CT scans are used to examine many areas of the body.

When are CT Scans Helpful?

CT scans are x-ray images of a body region.  Therefore, radiation exposure does occur during these studies.  They are very fast to obtain and often provide very detailed information.  CT scans are often used when detailed information is needed rapidly to make a diagnosis and initiate treatment.  This makes them useful in acute illness, trauma, and brain injury where data needs to be collected fast and treatment cannot be delayed.  MRI scans may provide more detailed information, but can take a long time to obtain.  CT scans are also used in people who have metal implants in their bodies like pacemakers that can not placed in strong magnetic fields.

The risk of CT scans is similar to the risk associated with x-ray radiation.  This is generally a small risk if exposure is limited.  Frequent or multiple x-rays and CT scans can be a concern due to radiation and cancer.  Scans also should not be done during pregnancy due to possible radiation damage to the fetus.

How to Prepare for a CT Scan

Preparing for a CT scan depends on the area being scanned.  Since they are used in cases of trauma, often no special preparation is necessary.  Sometimes, a special contrast is needed to increase visualization of an area.  It may be swallowed, or injected in a vein or body cavity.  The scanning process is fast, and the scanner is fairly open, so claustrophobia is generally not an issue.  Most people will be required to wear a hospital gown for the scan so that clothing does not interfere with the imaging.

After the scan, a radiologist will interpret the results and report their findings to the doctor who ordered the scan (your physician).  Combining the results of the scan with clinical information (including patient history and physical examination) is critical.  Since the picture is only one part of the story, all the information needs to be combined to give an adequate explanation of the condition and the treatments that will work.