Apitherapy – Why All Alternative Treatment Options Aren’t The Same

apitherapyIf you’ve been following our blog for some time, you know that our goal is to help everyone find a solution to their pain problem. If you find something that works for you, then stick with it. That being said, not all alternative methods are created the same, and some can be downright dangerous.

That’s the lesson we learned when a 55-year-old woman recently died due to complications from apitherapy. For those of you who know your word origins, you might be able to figure out what apitherapy is – bee therapy. More specifically, apitherapy is known as live bee acupuncture.

Apitherapy Gone Wrong

We’re not saying the therapeutic technique is bonkers, because some people swear by it, and as is our motto, we want everyone to find a solution to their individual pain problem, so if it’s working for you, more power to you. That being said, even if it seems safe, it’s clear that we don’t know as much as we thought we did about the therapy technique.

According to the news reports, the 55-year-old woman had been undergoing apitherapy for more than two years without problems. However, during her most recent session, she developed a severe reaction and began wheezing, coughing, and suffering from shortness of breath. She eventually lost consciousness and was taken to an emergency facility. She died a couple weeks later of multiple organ failure. Medical researchers are saying it’s the first documented apitherapy death where the individual had previously been tolerant of the bee stings. Medical researchers who studied the woman’s case concluded that apitherapy is an “unsafe and unadvisable” treatment option.

Like a lot of things in this world, apitherapy has become more popular after being championed by an uninformed celebrity. In 2016, Gwyneth Paltrow touted the “thousands-of-years-old treatment” as something she tried for an old injury. Gerard Butler also said he received a bee sting injection in an attempt to calm inflammation from stunt work, but he ended up hospitalized after having a poor reaction to the injection. He said he felt like his heart might explode and it was as if he had ants crawling under his skin.

What Doctors Are Saying

The theory behind apitherapy is that bee stings cause inflammation, which in turns leads to an inflammatory response from your body. The hope is that the inflammatory response will address both the inflammation from the bee sting along with other local inflammation in the joints.

Doctors say patients considering the therapy should be fully informed of the dangers of apitherapy prior to treatment. They also recommend that measures be taken to identify if someone could have a bad reaction before receiving a full injection, and that practitioners should be trained in how to manage severe reactions and that they should have specific reaction medications on hand. There should also be a system where the patient can receive emergency response care in a quick manor if needed.

“The public need to be very aware of the unorthodox use of allergens such as bee venom,” said Amena Warner, Head of Clinical Services for Allergy UK. “This will come with risk and, in susceptible individuals, can lead to serious life threatening reactions.”

Spiders and Bees May Aid in Chronic Pain Management

Spider Bee Pain VenomResearchers are always seeking new compounds to study, especially compounds that can assist in the field of pain management. Venom from many insects are potential targets for study. Two have recently been found to have properties that may be able to be developed into treatments for pain. One is from the green velvet tarantula spiders in Peru, which produce the toxic peptide Pro Tx-11 that inhibits sodium channels on membranes. The other is diluted bee venom, which has potential options in the area of neuropathic pain.

Spider and Bee Benefits

Tarantula venom contains Pro Tx-11 peptide that binds to the pain receptor within the membrane of neuronal cells. The exact receptor on the membrane that the toxic peptide binds to and how it works is still unknown. The research is being done in Australia. At this time, it has potential to be a non-addictive painkiller. This compound is in the early phases of study, and it is likely to be 10 years before we have a chance of seeing this clinically.

Bee venom has been used in traditional Eastern medicine. In acupuncture, bee venom has been used for treatment of chronic pain. Research in rodents has shown diluted bee venom that could block certain types of pain. The models studied so far are neuropathic pain from spinal cord injury (SCI). Acupuncture treatment with bee venom affected glia, astrocyte, and microglia activation. The effect of the bee venom was a reduced amount of neuropathic pain in the rodents, but isolation of the exact compound that is helpful in bee venom is not clear. Further study is necessary to even determine if there is an actual compound that may be developed into a treatment for pain.

Plant and animal toxins often affect the nervous system as their mechanism of action on humans. Since they have interactions with the nerves already, they have become natural compounds to examine in the search for novel approaches to treat pain. Many of the compounds are quite complex and often not well understood. They have become natural targets to examine further. Hopefully as research progresses over time, better understanding of pain will happen and new nonaddictive compounds will be found to treat pain.